Aflatoxin G1 and G2 are among the major types of aflatoxins, which are highly toxic and carcinogenic. The G-group aflatoxins contain difuranocoumarin with a lactone ring. The G designation of aflatoxins G1 and G2 refers to the emission of green fluorescence when they absorb ultraviolet light.
Aflatoxins are produced both in pre- and post-harvest conditions. Contamination occurs mostly in warm, humid areas of the world, where conditions are optimal for the growth of mold. Inappropriate storage conditions also facilitate their production.